International Technology Spillovers and Technological Progress
2022/8/30 16:39:29

International Technology Spillovers and Technological Progress

  Perhaps the most important benefit that a country can derive from its participation in the international economy is that economic integration gives a country access to the knowledge base that already exists throughout the world. Countries that do business in the world market invariably see a wide range of innovative products and novel production technologies that produce other products. A country's participation in international markets can greatly accelerate the process of acquiring foreign knowledge. The role of technological progress has long been noted in traditional trade theory, but it was not until the late 1980s that international trade theory combined the study of technological change, imperfect competition, economies of scale, and economic growth. Due to the role of knowledge spillovers and learning-by-doing, international trade has contributed to economic growth in both developed and developing countries, and the role of occasional major technological changes may lead to "leapfrogging" growth in latecomer countries to catch up.

  Technological progress can be obtained not only through active introduction, learning and imitation, and invention, but also by technological spillover. No matter what kind of technology spillover occurs, technology can spillover from one enterprise to another enterprise, from one industry to another industry, from one country to another country. Due to the large technology gap between developing and developed countries, the effect of international technology spillover will be greater. The main channels of international technology spillover include both general merchandise trade, technology trade, and service trade, as well as the international flow of production factors such as capital and labor.


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